Present Perfect Continuous Tense – Rules and Examples – हिंदी में समझिए

Present Perfect Continuous Tense उस क्रिया को व्यक्त करता है जो अतीत में शुरू हुई थी और अभी तक जारी है, या हाल ही में खत्म हुई है लेकिन उसका प्रभाव अब भी दिख रहा है।

1. Definition (परिभाषा)

Present Perfect Continuous Tense उन actions को दर्शाता है:

• जो कुछ समय पहले शुरू हुई थीं और अब तक चल रही हैं,
• या हाल ही में खत्म हुई हैं लेकिन उसका असर अब भी है।

हिंदी में इसे “पूर्ण वर्तमान जारी काल” कहते हैं।

उदाहरण:

• I have been studying for two hours.
• She has been working here since 2020.
• It has been raining since morning.

2. Usage (कब और क्यों प्रयोग करते हैं?)

इस Tense का प्रयोग निम्नलिखित स्थितियों में होता है:

(a) Long actions that started in the past and are still continuing:

• I have been learning English since January.
• They have been living in Delhi for 10 years.

(b) Recently finished actions with visible result:

• He is tired. He has been running.
• You are wet! Have you been swimming?

(c) Repeated actions in recent time:

• She has been calling you again and again.
• We have been trying to reach you all day.

3. Structure (बनावट)

Present Perfect Continuous Tense में “has/have been + verb-ing” का प्रयोग होता है।

(A) Affirmative Sentences (सकारात्मक वाक्य)

Structure	Subject + has/have + been + Verb-ing + (since/for + time)

Examples:

• I have been reading a novel for two hours.
• She has been working here since 2020.
• They have been playing football since morning.

Rule:

• I/You/We/They ➝ have been
• He/She/It ➝ has been

(B) Negative Sentences (नकारात्मक वाक्य)

Structure	Subject + has/have + not + been + Verb-ing + Object

Examples:

• I have not been sleeping well lately.
• He has not been attending the class regularly.
• They have not been working on the project.

(C) Interrogative Sentences (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य)

Structure	Has/Have + Subject + been + Verb-ing + (since/for)?

Examples:

• Have you been studying all night?
• Has she been cooking since morning?
• Have they been practicing daily?

4. Since और For का प्रयोग

शब्द	प्रयोग होता है जब…
Since	जब समय का starting point बताया जाए (2020, morning, 8 AM)
For	जब समय की duration बताई जाए (2 hours, 3 days, many years)

Examples:

• I have been waiting since 9 AM.
• She has been teaching for 5 years.

5. Keywords से पहचानिए Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

कुछ संकेतक शब्द जो इस tense में सामान्यतः प्रयोग होते हैं:

• since, for, all day, lately, recently, for a long time

Examples:

• I have been feeling tired lately.
• He has been watching TV all day.

6. Practice करें (Translate कीजिए):

नीचे दिए गए वाक्यों को English में बदलें:

1. मैं दो घंटे से पढ़ रहा हूँ।
2. वह सुबह से बारिश हो रही है।
3. क्या तुम बहुत समय से उसका इंतज़ार कर रहे हो?
4. वे कई सालों से यहाँ रह रहे हैं।
5. वह क्लास अटेंड नहीं कर रहा है।

उत्तर:

1. I have been studying for two hours.
2. It has been raining since morning.
3. Have you been waiting for him for a long time?
4. They have been living here for many years.
5. He has not been attending the class.

Conclusion (निष्कर्ष)

Present Perfect Continuous Tense हमें किसी क्रिया की starting time, duration और present effect — तीनों को एक साथ express करने में मदद करता है। यह tense थोड़ा लंबा लगता है, लेकिन practice से यह बहुत आसान हो जाता है।

Tip: अपने daily routine में ऐसे sentences बनाइए जिनमें “since” और “for” का प्रयोग हो। जैसे:

·        I have been using this phone for 3 years.

·        I have been waiting since morning.