Present Simple Tense – Rules and Examples — हिंदी में समझिए
English सीखने की शुरुआत हमेशा Present Simple Tense से होती है। यह सबसे basic और commonly used tense है। आइए इसे आसान भाषा में समझते हैं — definition, usage और structure के साथ।
1. Definition (परिभाषा)
Present Simple Tense का प्रयोग उन actions या situations को व्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है जो सामान्य रूप से होती हैं, रोजमर्रा की आदतें, या facts (सचाइयाँ)।
इसे हम “साधारण वर्तमान काल” भी कहते हैं।
उदाहरण:
- I wake up at 6 AM.
- She goes to school every day.
- The sun rises in the east.
2. Usage (कब और क्यों प्रयोग करते हैं?)
Present Simple Tense का प्रयोग इन परिस्थितियों में होता है:
(a) Daily routine या habits के लिए:
जब कोई काम रोज़, हर दिन, हर सुबह आदि होता हो।
- I brush my teeth every morning.
- He drinks coffee at 8 AM.
(b) Universal truths या facts के लिए:
जो बातें हमेशा सच होती हैं।
- Water boils at 100°C.
- The earth revolves around the sun.
(c) Permanent situations के लिए:
जो situations लंबे समय से वैसे ही हैं।
- They live in Delhi.
- She works in a hospital.
(d) Scheduled events (fixed future) के लिए:
जो निश्चित timetable या schedule के अनुसार होते हैं।
- The train leaves at 9 PM.
- My class starts at 10 AM.
3. Structure (बनावट)
Present Simple Tense का structure subject और verb के base form पर depend करता है। लेकिन singular और plural subjects के लिए structure थोड़ा बदलता है।
(A) Affirmative Sentences (सकारात्मक वाक्य)
|
Structure |
Subject + Base Verb (+s/es) + Object |
Examples:
- I play cricket.
- She plays the piano.
- We go to the market.
- He reads a book every night.
Rule: He/She/It के साथ verb में -s या -es जोड़ा जाता है।
(B) Negative Sentences (नकारात्मक वाक्य)
|
Structure |
Subject + do/does + not + Base Verb + Object |
Examples:
- I do not like milk.
- He does not watch TV.
- They do not study on Sunday.
Rule:
· I/You/We/They ➝ use do not (don’t)
· He/She/It ➝ use does not (doesn’t)
Main verb हमेशा base form में रहता है (no -s/-es)
(C) Interrogative Sentences (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य)
|
Structure |
Do/Does + Subject + Base Verb + Object? |
Examples:
- Do you speak English?
- Does she play guitar?
- Do they come on time?
Rule:
· “Do” ➝ I/You/We/They के साथ
· “Does” ➝ He/She/It के साथ Verb हमेशा base form में रहता है।
4. Keywords से पहचानिए Present Simple Tense:
कुछ खास words होते हैं जो इस tense में अक्सर दिखाई देते हैं:
- Always, usually, often, sometimes, never
- Every day, every morning, on Sundays
- Once a week, twice a month
Examples:
- She always arrives on time.
- I never eat junk food.
- We go to the park every evening.
5. Practice करें (कुछ sentences translate कीजिए):
हिंदी से English में बदलें:
- वह हर दिन स्कूल जाती है।
- मैं सुबह जल्दी उठता हूँ।
- वे रविवार को फुटबॉल खेलते हैं।
- क्या तुम चाय पीते हो?
- वह टीवी नहीं देखता।
उत्तर:
- She goes to school every day.
- I wake up early in the morning.
- They play football on Sundays.
- Do you drink tea?
- He does not watch TV.
Conclusion (निष्कर्ष)
Present Simple Tense English grammar का आधार है। अगर आप इसे अच्छे से समझ गए, तो आगे के tenses को समझना बहुत आसान हो जाएगा। इसकी practice आप अपने daily routine को English में बोलकर कर सकते हैं।
Tip: अपनी आदतों और दिनचर्या को English में लिखिए और बोलिए।
🐶 Story: Rahul and the Street Dog
(Present Simple Tense Highlighted)
Rahul is a kind boy. He lives in a small town in India. Every day, he walks to school with his sister, Meena. On the way, they pass a small tea shop and a big banyan tree.
One day, Rahul sees a street dog near the tea shop. The dog looks hungry and weak. Rahul feels sorry for the dog.
He gives the dog a biscuit from his bag.
The next morning, the dog waits near the same spot. He wags his tail when he sees Rahul.
Rahul smiles and gives him some food again.
This becomes a daily habit.
Rahul feeds the dog every morning.
The dog follows him to the school gate but never goes inside.
His sister says, “You are making a new friend!”
Rahul laughs. He calls the dog ‘Tiger’.
Tiger loves Rahul.
He runs around him and licks his hand.
Sometimes, other children throw stones at Tiger. Rahul tells them to stop.
He says, “Animals feel pain just like us.”
One day, it rains heavily. Rahul and Meena carry an umbrella. When they reach the tea shop, they don’t see Tiger.
“Where is he?” Meena asks.
They look around and find Tiger hiding under a bench. He is wet and shivering.
Rahul takes off his raincoat and covers Tiger.
He says, “You need this more than I do.”
After school, they return with a towel and dry Tiger. Their mother gives some warm milk for him.
From that day on, Tiger waits outside their house every morning.
He walks with Rahul to school and waits till he comes back.
Rahul takes care of Tiger.
He gives him food and plays with him.
He says, “Tiger is not just a dog. He is my friend.”
🧠 Understanding Present Simple Tense
The Present Simple tense is used to talk about:
- Habits or daily routines
- Facts and general truths
- Feelings or opinions
Examples from the story:
- Rahul feeds the dog every morning. (habit)
- Tiger loves Rahul. (feeling)
- He calls the dog ‘Tiger’. (present action)
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