Present Tense - Rules and Examples
दोस्तों ! आइए अब present tense के बारे में जानते हैं।
Present Tense क्या है?
Present Tense वो Tense होता है जो अभी हो रही क्रिया, रोज़ाना की आदत, या सामान्य सच्चाई (fact) को बताता है।
Table of Contents
Present Tense के 4 प्रकार होते हैं:
प्रकार (Type) | हिंदी में अर्थ |
1. Simple Present Tense | सामान्य वर्तमान काल |
2. Present Continuous Tense | वर्तमान में जारी क्रिया |
3. Present Perfect Tense | अभी–अभी पूरी हुई क्रिया |
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense | कुछ समय से चल रही क्रिया |
✅ 1. Simple Present Tense
कब प्रयोग होता है?
- Everyday habits (रोज़मर्रा की आदत)
- Universal truth (सामान्य सच्चाई)
- Scheduled events (समय–निर्धारित कार्यक्रम)
Structure (बनावट):
Subject + V1 (base form of verb) + object
He/She/It के साथ verb में “s” या “es” लगता है।
Examples:
English Sentence | हिंदी अनुवाद |
I play football. | मैं फुटबॉल खेलता हूँ। |
She sings well. | वह अच्छा गाती है। |
The sun rises in the east. | सूरज पूरब से उगता है। |
We go to school daily. | हम रोज़ स्कूल जाते हैं। |
The train leaves at 10 A.M. | ट्रेन सुबह 10 बजे रवाना होती है। |
✅ 2. Present Continuous Tense
कब प्रयोग होता है?
- जो काम इस समय चल रहा है।
Structure:
Subject + is/am/are + verb + ing + object
Subject | Helping Verb | Main verb+ing | Object |
I | am | reading | a book. |
He/She/It | is | cooking | Food. |
We/You/They | are | watching | TV. |
Examples:
English Sentence | हिंदी अनुवाद |
I am reading a book. | मैं किताब पढ़ रहा हूँ। |
She is cooking food. | वह खाना बना रही है। |
They are watching TV. | वे टीवी देख रहे हैं। |
✅ 3. Present Perfect Tense
कब प्रयोग होता है?
- जो काम अभी–अभी पूरा हुआ हो या
- जिसका असर अभी भी है।
Structure:
Subject + has/have + V3 (past participle) + object
Subject | Helping Verb | Verb3 | Object |
He/She/It | has | cooked | dinner. |
I/We/You/They | have | finished | homework. |
Examples:
English Sentence | हिंदी अनुवाद |
I have finished my homework. | मैंने अपना होमवर्क खत्म कर लिया है। |
She has cooked dinner. | उसने खाना बना लिया है। |
✅ 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
कब प्रयोग होता है?
- जो काम कुछ समय से लगातार चल रहा हो और अब भी हो रहा हो।
Structure:
Subject + has/have been + verb + ing + object + since/for + time
Time Expression | Use |
Since | निश्चित समय (e.g. since 6 AM) |
For | अवधि (e.g. for 2 hours) |
Examples:
English Sentence | हिंदी अनुवाद |
I have been studying since morning. | मैं सुबह से पढ़ाई कर रहा हूँ। |
She has been working here for 3 years. | वह यहाँ 3 साल से काम कर रही है। |
✅ Key Notes
- V1 = Base form of verb (go, eat, play)
- V2 = Past form (went, ate, played)
- V3 = Past participle (gone, eaten, played)
🐓 Story: Priya and the Morning Surprise
(All Present Tenses are Highlighted in bold and italic)
Priya is a 10-year-old girl who lives in a quiet village in India. Every morning, she wakes up early and helps her mother with small chores. She loves mornings, because the air is fresh, and the birds sing sweet songs.
Priya wakes up at 6 o’clock every day.
✅ (Present Simple)
She brushes her teeth, washes her face, and drinks a glass of warm water.
✅ (Present Simple)
Today is a special day. Priya’s school is closed, so she doesn’t need to hurry. But something is different this morning.
She hears strange sounds from the backyard.
“What is that noise?” she asks.
She goes outside and sees a hen running around with three small chicks.
The hen clucks loudly, and the chicks follow her.
✅ (Present Simple)
Priya laughs and says, “Oh! The hen is looking for food.”
🔄 (Present Continuous)
Her little brother Rohan comes outside too.
He is carrying a plate of rice for the hen.
🔄 (Present Continuous)
Priya smiles and says, “You always feed the animals before breakfast!”
✅ (Present Simple)
Rohan replies, “I love them! And they have become part of our family.”
✅✅ (Present Perfect)
They both sit and watch the hen and her chicks eat happily.
The sun is rising, and the sky is turning orange.
🔄 (Present Continuous)
Their grandmother walks into the garden.
She has made hot tea and poha for breakfast.
✅✅ (Present Perfect)
“Come, children,” she calls. “Let’s eat before it gets cold.”
As they eat, Grandma tells them a story.
“I have seen this hen many times. She has been living near our house for many months,” she says.
✅✅ (Present Perfect)
🔄✅ (Present Perfect Continuous)
“She has laid her eggs under the big bush near the well,” Grandma adds.
✅✅ (Present Perfect)
Priya and Rohan are surprised.
“We have not noticed her nest!”
✅✅ (Present Perfect)
After breakfast, Priya decides to check near the well. She walks carefully and looks under the bush.
And there it is—a small nest made of dry leaves.
Inside, there are two more eggs!
“The hen has been keeping them warm,” Priya says.
🔄✅ (Present Perfect Continuous)
She runs back and tells Grandma, “You were right! There are more eggs!”
“Yes, I know this hen well,” Grandma says. “She always finds safe places for her babies.”
✅ (Present Simple)
The children are excited.
“We have learned so much this morning,” Priya says.
✅✅ (Present Perfect)
“Yes! Nature is teaching us every day,” Rohan adds.
🔄 (Present Continuous)
That afternoon, Priya writes everything in her diary.
“Today is a beautiful day. I feel happy and thankful,” she writes.
✅ (Present Simple)
She also writes,
“I have seen new life, and I have been watching it grow.”
✅✅ (Present Perfect)
🔄✅ (Present Perfect Continuous)
🧠 Tense Guide: Present Tense in the Story
Tense | Example Sentence | Type |
✅ Present Simple | Priya wakes up at 6 o’clock every day. | Habit |
🔄 Present Continuous | The hen is looking for food. | Action now |
✅✅ Present Perfect | She has made hot tea. | Past event, present result |
🔄✅ Present Perfect Continuous | She has been living near our house. | Action started in past, still continuing |
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